Working Papers in economics are pre-publication versions of technical papers, academic articles, book chapters, or reviews. Authors may release working papers to share ideas or to receive feedback on their work. This is done before the author submits the final version of the paper to a peer reviewed journal or conference for publication. Working paper can be cited by other peer-reviewed work.
The National Bureau of Economic Research, NBER, is a private, nonprofit, nonpartisan research organization dedicated to promoting a greater understanding of how the economy works. Research is conducted by more than 500 university professors around the country, the leading scholars in their fields.
NOTE about using NBER - Doane currently does not subscribe to this database. They do allow for a few free downloads per visitor, however, so try that first. If you have reached the free download limit, use Interlibrary Loan to request papers or their published versions (listed below the paper's download button and other details about the paper).